Five Articles on Real World Evidence (RWE) and Diabetes

Clinical effectiveness of liraglutide vs basal insulin in a real‐world setting: Evidence of improved glycaemic and weight control in obese people with type 2 diabetes

Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6099315/

Summary: Using the Dutch PHARMO database, a retrospective cohort study examined the real-world effects of liraglutide vs basal insulin. Mean age and sex were similar in both cohorts. After 12 months of therapy, liraglutide lowered hBA1c by 12.1 mmol/mol, while basal insulin lowered A1C by 8.8 mmol/mol (-3.04 difference, p = 0.0053). The liraglutide cohort also saw an average weight loss of 6 kg, compared to an average weight loss of 1.6 kg in basal insulin patients.

Effectiveness of Liraglutide and Lixisenatide in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World Evidence from The Health Improvement Network (THIN) Database in the United Kingdom

Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28281244/

Summary: 579 liraglutide and 213 lixisenatide patients were identified using the United Kingdom’s THIN database. All doses of liraglutide were eligible for inclusion, while lixisenatide’s standard dose of 20 μg was the only inclusion. Primary outcome of reduction in HbA1c was assessed after 12 months. Liraglutide reduced A1C by 0.30% more than lixisenatide (p = 0.025). Liraglutide patients were also more likely to reduce A1C under 6.5% (HR 2.5, p = 0.0002) and under 7.0% (2.10, p < 0.0001).

Comparative effectiveness of canagliflozin, SGLT2 inhibitors and non-SGLT2 inhibitors on the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and amputation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A real-world meta-analysis of 4 observational databases (OBSERVE-4D)

Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30415909/

Summary: Based on randomized clinical trials, SLGT2 inhibitors may have a beneficial outcomes in heart failure and below-the-knee amputations. A meta-analysis compared SLGT2 inhibitors to other antidiabetic agents using claims in the CCAE, MDCD, MDCR, and Optum databases. Incidence rates of heart failure in new canagliflozin were lower than in patients newly treated with a GLP-1 agonist or DPP-4i. However, there was no difference in incidence rates of heart failure between agents within the SLGT2 inhibitor class.

Long-Term, Real-World Safety and Efficacy of Teneligliptin: A Post-Marketing Surveillance of More Than 10,000 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Japan

Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31873865/

Summary: Safety and efficacy of teneligliptin was assessed using anonymized patient data collected from Japanese clinical practices. Over the course of 3 years, electronic case reports submitted by physicians included data on A1Cs, adverse reactions, and renal function. Patients using teneligliptin saw an average A1C reduction of 0.70% (± 1.36%, P < 0.001). 3.85% of patients reported experiencing an adverse event, the most common being gastrointestinal disorders (0.68% of patients).

Effectiveness of Insulin Degludec in Thai Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Real-World Evidence From a Specialized Diabetes Center

Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30653705/

Summary: 55 diabetic patients, treatment-naïve to insulin degludec, were followed for one year after beginning insulin therapy. Type 1 patients saw an average A1C reduction of 0.5% after 12 months, while Type 2 patients had an average reduction of 0.82%. 50.8% of the Type 2 patients achieved glycemic control with insulin degludec- only 30.8% were considered controlled at baseline. In addition, QOL scores increased while patients received insulin degludec